French A1/A2 - Essential Daily Vocabulary & Grammar Foundations Flashcards

Question 1

Verb Conjugation: **avoir** (to have) - Present Tense

Accepted Answer

**J'ai** (I have)
**Tu as** (You have)
**Il/Elle/On a** (He/She/One has)
**Nous avons** (We have)
**Vous avez** (You have)
**Ils/Elles ont** (They have)

Question 2

Verb Conjugation: **être** (to be) - Present Tense

Accepted Answer

**Je suis** (I am)
**Tu es** (You are [informal])
**Il/Elle/On est** (He/She/One is)
**Nous sommes** (We are)
**Vous êtes** (You are [formal/plural])
**Ils/Elles sont** (They are)

Question 3

Verb Conjugation: **faire** (to do / to make) - Present Tense

Accepted Answer

**Je fais** (I do/make)
**Tu fais** (You do/make)
**Il/Elle/On fait** (He/She/One does/makes)
**Nous faisons** (We do/make)
**Vous faites** (You do/make)
**Ils/Elles font** (They do/make)

Question 4

Verb Conjugation: **aller** (to go) - Present Tense

Accepted Answer

**Je vais** (I go)
**Tu vas** (You go)
**Il/Elle/On va** (He/She/One goes)
**Nous allons** (We go)
**Vous allez** (You go)
**Ils/Elles vont** (They go)

Question 5

French Articles: Definite vs. Indefinite

Accepted Answer

**Definite Articles** (the):
- *Le* (masc. sing.): *le livre*
- *La* (fem. sing.): *la table*
- *L'* (before vowel/silent h): *l'école*
- *Les* (plural): *les amis*

**Indefinite Articles** (a/an/some):
- *Un* (masc. sing.): *un homme*
- *Une* (fem. sing.): *une femme*
- *Des* (plural/some): *des livres*

Question 6

Basic Negation Rule (*ne ... pas*)

Accepted Answer

Surround the conjugated verb with **ne** (or **n'** before a vowel) and **pas**.

- **Formula:** Subject + **ne** + Verb + **pas**
- **Example:** *Je ne sais pas.* (I don't know.)
- **Vowel Example:** *Il n'aime pas le café.* (He doesn't like coffee.)

Question 7

Grammar: **Passé Composé** vs. **Imparfait**

Accepted Answer

**Passé Composé:** Completed, specific actions at a definite time in the past.
*Example:* *J'ai mangé une pomme.* (I ate an apple.)

**Imparfait:** Ongoing past actions, habits, background context, descriptions, or states of being ("used to" / "was doing").
*Example:* *Il faisait beau.* (The weather was nice.)

Question 8

How to Form the **Passé Composé**

Accepted Answer

**Formula:** Subject + Auxiliary (*avoir* or *être*) + Past Participle

1. Most verbs use **avoir**: *J'ai parlé* (I spoke).
2. Movement and reflexive verbs use **être** (DR MRS VANDERTRAMPP): *Je suis allé(e)* (I went).
*Note:* With *être*, agree the past participle in gender (+e) and number (+s) with the subject!

Question 9

French Possessive Adjectives (My, Your, His/Her)

Accepted Answer

- **My:** *mon* (m), *ma* (f), *mes* (pl)
- **Your (sing. informal):** *ton* (m), *ta* (f), *tes* (pl)
- **His / Her / Its:** *son* (m), *sa* (f), *ses* (pl)

*Rule:* Gender/number depends on the **item possessed**, not the owner (*son livre* = his/her book). Use *mon/ton/son* before feminine nouns starting with a vowel (*mon amie*).

Question 10

French Adjectives: Agreement & Position (BANGS)

Accepted Answer

**Agreement:** Adjectives match the noun in gender (+e) and number (+s).
**Position:** Most adjectives go **after** the noun (*un livre intéressant*).
**BANGS Exception:** Adjectives of **B**eauty, **A**ge, **N**umber, **G**oodness, and **S**ize go **before** the noun (*une belle fleur*, *un grand chien*).

Question 11

Essential Vocabulary: Days of the Week & Months

Accepted Answer

**Days:** lundi (Mon), mardi (Tue), mercredi (Wed), jeudi (Thu), vendredi (Fri), samedi (Sat), dimanche (Sun).
**Key Months:** janvier, avril, juillet, octobre, décembre.

*Note:* Days and months are **not** capitalized in French!

Question 12

Everyday Expressions: Politeness & Greetings

Accepted Answer

- **S'il vous plaît** / **S'il te plaît**: Please (formal / informal)
- **Merci beaucoup**: Thank you very much
- **De rien** / **Je vous en prie**: You're welcome
- **Enchanté(e)**: Nice to meet you
- **Excusez-moi** / **Pardon**: Excuse me / Sorry

Question 13

French Question Words (Les Mots Interrogatifs)

Accepted Answer

- **Qui**: Who
- **Que / Quoi**: What
- **Où**: Where
- **Quand**: When
- **Pourquoi**: Why
- **Comment**: How
- **Combien (de)**: How much / How many
- **Est-ce que...**: Turns a statement into a yes/no question.

Question 14

Essential Modal Verbs (Present Tense - 1st Person)

Accepted Answer

- **Pouvoir** (can/to be able): *Je peux* (I can)
- **Vouloir** (to want): *Je veux* (I want)
- **Devoir** (must/to have to): *Je dois* (I must)

*Usage:* Combine with an infinitive verb (e.g., *Je peux parler français* = I can speak French).

Question 15

Vocabulary: Family Members (La Famille)

Accepted Answer

- **la mère / le père**: mother / father
- **la fille / le fils**: daughter / son
- **la sœur / le frère**: sister / brother
- **la femme / l'homme**: wife (woman) / husband (man)
- **les parents / les enfants**: parents / children

Question 16

Vocabulary: High-Frequency Expressions of Time

Accepted Answer

- **Aujourd'hui**: Today
- **Hier**: Yesterday
- **Demain**: Tomorrow
- **Maintenant**: Now
- **Toujours**: Always / Still
- **Jamais**: Never
- **Parfois / Quelquefois**: Sometimes

Question 17

Partitive Articles: **du**, **de la**, **de l'**, **des**

Accepted Answer

Used for unspecified quantities or uncountable items ("some" / "any").

- **Du** (masc. sing.): *du pain* (some bread)
- **De la** (fem. sing.): *de la viande* (some meat)
- **De l'** (before vowel): *de l'eau* (some water)
- **Des** (plural): *des légumes* (some vegetables)

*Note:* In negative sentences, all partitive articles change to **de / d'** (*Je ne veux pas de pain*).

Question 18

Useful Phrases: Ordering Food & Asking Directions

Accepted Answer

**Ordering:**
- *Je voudrais...* (I would like...)
- *L'addition, s'il vous plaît.* (The bill, please.)

**Directions:**
- *Où se trouve...?* / *Où est...?* (Where is...?)
- *À gauche* (To the left) / *À droite* (To the right)
- *Tout droit* (Straight ahead)

Question 19

Verb Conjugation: **prendre** (to take / eat / drink) - Present

Accepted Answer

**Je prends** (I take)
**Tu prends** (You take)
**Il/Elle/On prend** (He/She/One takes)
**Nous prenons** (We take)
**Vous prenez** (You take)
**Ils/Elles prennent** (They take)

*Example:* *Je prends un café.* (I am having a coffee.)

Question 20

Grammar: Formulating the **Futur Proche** (Near Future)

Accepted Answer

Used to express actions that will happen soon ("going to do something").

**Formula:** Subject + Present Tense of **aller** + **Infinitive Verb**

*Examples:*
- *Je vais manger.* (I am going to eat.)
- *Nous allons partir.* (We are going to leave.)

French A1/A2 - Essential Daily Vocabulary & Grammar Foundations

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