HSK 4 - Intermediate-Advanced Chinese Vocabulary & Grammar Flashcards

Question 1

Grammar Pattern: 不仅……而且…… (bùjǐn... érqiě...)

Accepted Answer

**Meaning**: Not only... but also...

**Usage**: Connects two clauses where the second reinforces or adds to the first.
- **Same subject**: Place *不仅* after the subject. (e.g., 他不仅……而且……)
- **Different subjects**: Place *不仅* before the first subject.

**Example**: 他不仅会说汉语，而且说得很标准。 (*Tā bùjǐn huì shuō Hànyǔ, érqiě shuō de hěn biāozhǔn.* — He not only speaks Chinese, but also speaks it standardly.)

Question 2

Grammar Pattern: 无论……都/也…… (wúlùn... dōu/yě...)

Accepted Answer

**Meaning**: No matter... / Regardless of...

**Usage**: Expresses that the outcome remains constant regardless of changing conditions. The clause after *无论* must include a question word (什么, 怎么, 谁) or an A-or-not-A choice.

**Example**: 无论遇到什么困难，我们都要坚持下去。 (*Wúlùn yùdào shénme kùnnán, wǒmen dōu yào jiānchí xiàqù.* — No matter what difficulties we encounter, we must keep going.)

Question 3

Grammar Pattern: 即使……也…… (jíshǐ... yě...)

Accepted Answer

**Meaning**: Even if... / Even though...

**Usage**: Used for hypothetical situations to show that a condition will not alter the expected outcome.

**Example**: 即使明天不下雨，我也不想去爬山。 (*Jíshǐ míngtiān bù xià yǔ, wǒ yě bù xiǎng qù páshān.* — Even if it doesn't rain tomorrow, I still don't want to go hiking.)

Question 4

Grammar Structure: The 把 (bǎ) Sentence

Accepted Answer

**Structure**: Subject + 把 + Object + Verb + Result/Direction/Completion

**Key Rules**:
1. The object must be known/specific to both speaker and listener.
2. The verb must affect the object and cannot stand alone (must have a resultative element like 看完, 拿走, 放在).

**Example**: 请把这份文件翻译成中文。 (*Qǐng bǎ zhè fèn wénjiàn fānyì chéng Zhōngwén.* — Please translate this document into Chinese.)

Question 5

Grammar Structure: The 被 (bèi) Passive Sentence

Accepted Answer

**Structure**: Receiver (Subject) + 被 (+ Doer) + Verb + Other Element

**Key Rules**:
1. Indicates passive voice.
2. The doer can be omitted (e.g., 蛋糕被吃了).
3. Negation words like 没有 or 不 must be placed BEFORE *被*.

**Example**: 我的钱包被他偷走了。 (*Wǒ de qiánbāo bèi tā tōu zǒu le.* — My wallet was stolen by him.)

Question 6

Word Comparison: 合适 (héshì) vs. 适合 (shìhé)

Accepted Answer

**合适 (héshì)** — *Adjective*: Suitable / appropriate.
- Cannot take a direct object.
- Example: 这双鞋子很合适。 (*These shoes are very suitable.*)

**适合 (shìhé)** — *Verb*: To suit / to fit.
- Must be followed by an object.
- Example: 这工作不适合你。 (*This job doesn't suit you.*)

Question 7

Word Comparison: 随便 (suíbiàn) vs. 顺便 (shùnbiàn)

Accepted Answer

**随便 (suíbiàn)** — *Adj / Adv*: Casual / do as one pleases / arbitrary.
- Example: 你可以随便坐。 (*You can sit anywhere you like.*)

**顺便 (shùnbiàn)** — *Adv*: In passing / conveniently / along the way.
- Example: 你出门时，顺便把垃圾倒了吧。 (*When you go out, throw out the trash along the way.*)

Question 8

Word Comparison: 往往 (wǎngwǎng) vs. 经常 (jīngcháng)

Accepted Answer

**往往 (wǎngwǎng)** — *Adv*: Often / usually (based on past experience or predictable patterns).
- Cannot be used for future events or subjective intentions.
- Example: 经验丰富的人往往能冷静处理问题。

**经常 (jīngcháng)** — *Adv*: Frequently / often.
- Can be used for past, present, future, and personal desires.
- Example: 我以后要经常来这里。 (*I will come here often in the future.*)

Question 9

Expressing Opinions: 认为 (rènwéi) vs. 以为 (yǐwéi)

Accepted Answer

**认为 (rènwéi)**: To think / to believe (Formal).
- Expresses a firm, considered opinion or objective judgment.
- Example: 我认为这是一个很好的机会。 (*I believe this is a great opportunity.*)

**以为 (yǐwéi)**: To mistakenly think / to assume.
- Implies that the speaker's prior belief was incorrect.
- Example: 我以为今天开会，结果记错日期了。 (*I thought there was a meeting today, but I got the date wrong.*)

Question 10

Grammar Pattern: 既然……就…… (jìrán... jiù...)

Accepted Answer

**Meaning**: Since / Now that... then...

**Usage**: Takes an established fact/premise in the first clause and draws a logical conclusion, suggestion, or decision in the second.

**Example**: 既然你病了，就在家好好休息吧。 (*Jìrán nǐ bìng le, jiù zài jiā hǎohǎo xiūxi ba.* — Since you are sick, just stay home and rest well.)

Question 11

Logical Connectives: 另外 (lìngwài) vs. 此外 (cǐwài)

Accepted Answer

**另外 (lìngwài)** — *Pronoun / Adv / Conj*: In addition / besides / another.
- Can directly modify nouns (另外的人) or verbs (另外买).
- Example: 我还要买另外两本书。 (*I also need to buy two other books.*)

**此外 (cǐwài)** — *Conjunction*: In addition / furthermore.
- Used strictly at the beginning of a clause to add secondary points.
- Example: 此外，我们还需要考虑成本问题。 (*Besides, we also need to consider the cost.*)

Question 12

Grammar Usage: 到底 (dàodǐ)

Accepted Answer

**Usage 1 (In Questions)**: "What on earth...?" / "After all..."
- Adds emphasis, curiosity, or impatience. Must be used with question words or A-not-A choices.
- Example: 你到底去不去？ (*Are you actually going or not?*)

**Usage 2 (In Statements)**: "To the end" / "Finally".
- Example: 坚持到底就是胜利。 (*Persisting to the end brings victory.*)

Question 13

HSK 4 Idiom: 各种各样 (gè zhǒng gè yàng)

Accepted Answer

**Literal**: Every kind and type.
**Meaning**: All kinds of / a wide variety of.

**Usage**: Used directly before nouns (often followed by 的).

**Example**: 商店里卖各种各样的商品。 (*Shāngdiàn li mài gèzhǒng gèyàng de shāngpǐn.* — The store sells all kinds of goods.)

Question 14

HSK 4 Key Verb: 安排 (ānpái)

Accepted Answer

**Pinyin**: ānpái
**Meaning**: To arrange, to plan; arrangements (N/V).

**Common Collocations**:
- 安排时间 (*arrange time*)
- 安排工作 (*assign tasks/work*)
- 服从安排 (*obey arrangements*)

**Example**: 经理把明天的事项安排得很妥当。 (*Jīnglǐ bǎ míngtiān de shìxiàng ānpái de hěn tuǒdang.* — The manager arranged tomorrow's matters very appropriately.)

Question 15

HSK 4 Vocabulary: 获得 (huòdé) vs. 得到 (dédào)

Accepted Answer

**获得 (huòdé)** — *Formal Verb*: To obtain / win / gain.
- Usually paired with abstract, positive nouns (e.g., 成功 success, 赞赏 praise, 知识 knowledge, 奖金 prize money).
- Example: 他在比赛中获得了第一名。

**得到 (dédào)** — *General Verb*: To get / receive.
- Can be used with both concrete things (得到礼物) and abstract concepts (得到帮助).

Question 16

HSK 4 Grammar: 按照 (ànzhào)

Accepted Answer

**Pinyin**: ànzhào
**Meaning**: According to / in accordance with / on the basis of.

**Common Collocations**:
- 按照规定 (*according to regulations*)
- 按照计划 (*according to plan*)
- 按照要求 (*according to requirements*)

**Example**: 我们必须按照客户的要求修改方案。 (*Wǒmen bìxū ànzhào kèhù de yāoqiú xiūgǎi fāng'àn.* — We must revise the plan according to the client's requirements.)

Question 17

HSK 4 Grammar: 重新 (chóngxīn)

Accepted Answer

**Pinyin**: chóngxīn
**Meaning**: Anew / afresh / again / re-.

**Usage**: Placed before a verb to indicate repeating an action from the beginning or with a fresh perspective.

**Common Combinations**: 重新开始 (start over), 重新考虑 (reconsider), 重新填写 (refill/rewrite).

**Example**: 请把这个表格重新填写一遍。 (*Qǐng bǎ zhè ge biǎogé chóngxīn tiánxiě yí biàn.* — Please fill out this form again.)

Question 18

Expressing Structure: 对……来说 (duì... lái shuō)

Accepted Answer

**Meaning**: As for... / From the perspective of...

**Usage**: Sets a specific standpoint from which a judgment or opinion is made.

**Example**: 对我来说，学习一门新语言是很大的挑战。 (*Duì wǒ lái shuō, xuéxí yì mén xīn yǔyán shì hěn dà de tiǎozhàn.* — As far as I'm concerned, learning a new language is a big challenge.)

Question 19

HSK 4 Vocabulary: 实际 (shíjì) & 事实上 (shìshí shàng)

Accepted Answer

**实际 (shíjì)** — *Noun / Adj*: Reality; practical / actual.
- Example: 实际情况 (*actual situation*), 实际行动 (*practical action*).

**事实上 (shìshí shàng)** — *Phrase*: In fact / as a matter of fact.
- Used to introduce reality that contradicts or clarifies an expectation.
- Example: 他表面上很高兴，事实上心里很难过。 (*He seems happy on the surface, but in fact he is very sad.*)

Question 20

Key Emphasis Structure: 连……也/都…… (lián... yě/dōu...)

Accepted Answer

**Meaning**: Even... (is/does)...

**Usage**: Highlights an extreme case to emphasize that if even this condition is met/unmet, everything else follows.

**Example**: 这道题太难了，连老师都不会做。 (*Zhè dào tí tài nán le, lián lǎoshī dōu bù huì zuò.* — This question is so hard that even the teacher doesn't know how to do it.)

Question 21

Word Comparison: 肯定 (kěndìng) vs. 一定 (yídìng)

Accepted Answer

**肯定 (kěndìng)**:
- Can be an *Adjective* (certain/sure: 我很肯定).
- Can be a *Verb* (to confirm/affirm: 肯定成绩).
- Can be an *Adverb* (definitely: 他肯定会来).

**一定 (yídìng)**:
- Used mainly as an *Adverb* (definitely) or *Adjective* (certain amount/degree: 一定的了解).
- **Key Distinction**: "我不肯定" means "I'm not sure", whereas "我不一定" means "Not necessarily for me".

HSK 4 - Intermediate-Advanced Chinese Vocabulary & Grammar

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