Azure Fundamentals (AZ-900) - Cloud Concepts & Architecture Flashcards

Question 1

What is cloud computing?

Accepted Answer

Cloud computing is the on-demand delivery of compute power, database storage, applications, and other IT resources through a cloud services platform via the internet with pay-as-you-go pricing.

Question 2

What are the key benefits of cloud computing?

Accepted Answer

Key benefits include high availability, scalability, elasticity, agility, geo-distribution, disaster recovery, and cost-effectiveness (shifting from Capital Expenditure to Operational Expenditure).

Question 3

Differentiate between Capital Expenditure (CapEx) and Operational Expenditure (OpEx) in the context of cloud computing.

Accepted Answer

`CapEx` involves upfront spending on physical infrastructure (e.g., servers, data centers). `OpEx` involves paying for services or products as you use them, typically on a recurring basis, which is characteristic of cloud computing.

Question 4

Define Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) and provide an Azure example.

Accepted Answer

`IaaS` provides fundamental computing resources like virtual machines, networks, and storage over the internet. You manage the operating system, applications, and data. An Azure example is `Azure Virtual Machines`.

Question 5

Define Platform as a Service (PaaS) and provide an Azure example.

Accepted Answer

`PaaS` provides a complete development and deployment environment in the cloud, including infrastructure, operating systems, programming language execution environment, databases, and web servers. An Azure example is `Azure App Service`.

Question 6

Define Software as a Service (SaaS) and provide an Azure example.

Accepted Answer

`SaaS` provides a complete, ready-to-use application managed by a third-party vendor over the internet. Users typically access it via a web browser. An Azure example is `Microsoft 365` or `Dynamics 365`.

Question 7

Explain the Shared Responsibility Model in cloud computing.

Accepted Answer

The `Shared Responsibility Model` outlines security duties between the cloud provider and the customer. The cloud provider is responsible for the "security *of* the cloud" (e.g., physical infrastructure), while the customer is responsible for the "security *in* the cloud" (e.g., data, applications, network configuration).

Question 8

What is a Public Cloud deployment model?

Accepted Answer

A `Public Cloud` is owned and operated by a third-party cloud service provider (e.g., Microsoft Azure), which delivers its computing resources over the internet. Resources are shared among multiple tenants, but logically isolated.

Question 9

What is a Private Cloud deployment model?

Accepted Answer

A `Private Cloud` refers to cloud computing resources used exclusively by a single organization. It can be physically located on-premises or hosted by a third-party service provider, offering greater control and security.

Question 10

What is a Hybrid Cloud deployment model?

Accepted Answer

A `Hybrid Cloud` combines public and private clouds, allowing data and applications to be shared between them. It offers flexibility to leverage public cloud scalability while keeping sensitive data in a private environment.

Question 11

What is an Azure Region?

Accepted Answer

An `Azure Region` is a geographical area containing one or more data centers that are networked together with a low-latency network. Regions provide flexibility and scale, and preserve data residency.

Question 12

What are Azure Availability Zones?

Accepted Answer

`Availability Zones` are physically separate data centers within an Azure Region, each with independent power, cooling, and networking. They provide high availability by protecting applications and data from data center failures.

Question 13

How do Azure Region Pairs enhance disaster recovery?

Accepted Answer

An `Azure Region Pair` consists of two regions within the same geography (e.g., East US and West US) that are at least 300 miles apart. Azure platform updates are rolled out to one region in a pair at a time, and data replication often occurs between them for disaster recovery.

Question 14

What is an Azure Resource Group?

Accepted Answer

An `Azure Resource Group` is a logical container for Azure resources (e.g., virtual machines, storage accounts, virtual networks) that share the same lifecycle, permissions, and policies. It simplifies management and organization.

Question 15

What is an Azure Virtual Network (VNet)?

Accepted Answer

An `Azure Virtual Network (VNet)` is a logically isolated network in Azure that enables Azure resources to securely communicate with each other, the internet, and on-premises networks. It's the fundamental building block for your private network in Azure.

Question 16

What is Azure Blob Storage used for?

Accepted Answer

`Azure Blob Storage` is Microsoft's object storage solution for the cloud. It's optimized for storing massive amounts of unstructured data, such as text or binary data (e.g., images, videos, backup files, data lakes).

Question 17

What is Azure Resource Manager (ARM)?

Accepted Answer

`Azure Resource Manager (ARM)` is the management layer for Azure. It enables you to create, update, and delete resources in your Azure subscription. All requests to create or manage resources go through ARM.

Question 18

What is the purpose of an ARM Template?

Accepted Answer

An `ARM Template` is a JSON file that defines the infrastructure and configuration for your Azure solution. It allows you to implement Infrastructure as Code (IaC) by declaratively defining resources and their properties, ensuring consistent deployments.

Question 19

What is an Azure Subscription?

Accepted Answer

An `Azure Subscription` is a logical container that links Azure services to an Azure account, acting as a billing unit and a boundary for access control and policies. All resources must belong to a subscription.

Question 20

What are Azure Management Groups?

Accepted Answer

`Azure Management Groups` are containers that help you manage access, policy, and compliance for multiple Azure subscriptions. They provide a level of scope above subscriptions, allowing for hierarchical organization and governance at scale.

Question 21

What is the primary function of an Azure Network Security Group (NSG)?

Accepted Answer

An `Azure Network Security Group (NSG)` allows you to filter network traffic to and from Azure resources in an Azure VNet. NSGs contain security rules that permit or deny inbound network traffic to, or outbound network traffic from, several types of Azure resources.

Azure Fundamentals (AZ-900) - Cloud Concepts & Architecture

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